PostgreSQL 16 has implemented several features to efficiently utilize multicore processors, enhancing performance and scalability:

1. CPU Acceleration Using SIMD: PostgreSQL 16 introduces CPU acceleration through SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) technology for both x86 and ARM architectures. This enhancement particularly boosts performance during operations involving ASCII and JSON strings, as well as array and subtransaction searches. The use of SIMD allows for parallel data processing, significantly speeding up these operations.
2. Performance Boosts in Parallel Execution: The new version of PostgreSQL has made notable improvements in parallel execution. This encompasses enhanced query execution capabilities and data loading in binary format. In some areas, these improvements have led to performance boosts of up to 300%. By optimizing parallel execution, PostgreSQL 16 can leverage multiple CPU cores more effectively, thus handling more tasks simultaneously and improving overall database performance.
3. Parallel Query Feature: PostgreSQL 16 is capable of devising query plans that leverage multiple CPUs to answer queries faster, a feature known as parallel query. While not all queries can benefit from this feature due to current implementation limitations or the nature of the query itself, those that do can experience significant speedups. Many queries can run more than twice as fast, and some can even run four times faster or more when using parallel query. This feature is particularly beneficial for queries that process a large amount of data but return only a few rows.

These improvements in PostgreSQL 16 demonstrate a focused effort on enhancing the database's ability to handle larger workloads and complex operations more efficiently by utilizing the full potential of multicore processors.