Optimizing Disk Space Usage in PostgreSQL 16: A Guide to Shrinking Databases
In PostgreSQL, "shrinking" a database typically refers to reducing its disk space usage. This can be done primarily through the VACUUM command, particularly VACUUM FULL. Here are the steps:
- VACUUM FULL: This command rewrites tables to disk, eliminating dead tuples and reducing table size. Use
VACUUM FULL table_name; for specific tables or VACUUM FULL; for the entire database.
- Reindexing: After a
VACUUM FULL, it's often beneficial to REINDEX tables to rebuild indexes, which can also reduce space.
- Drop Unused Objects: Remove any unused tables, indexes, or schemas.
- Table Partitioning: If certain data is no longer needed, and tables are partitioned, you can drop entire partitions.
Remember, VACUUM FULL can be resource-intensive and lock tables for the duration of the operation, so it's typically done during maintenance windows. Always ensure you have a complete backup of your database before performing such operations.
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